Hedgeducation

What Is an SPV? Structure, Uses & SPV vs. Funds

Understand SPVs: how they work, when to use them, investor eligibility, and trade‑offs versus blind‑pool funds.

What Is an SPV?

A Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) is a legal entity formed to hold a single investment or a narrowly defined set. SPVs aggregate investors into one cap‑table line and streamline governance for issuers.

Why Use SPVs
  • Faster execution and targeted exposure
  • Cleaner issuer cap tables
  • Deal‑specific carry and fees
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Trade‑offs

Concentration risk, limited diversification, and deal‑by‑deal administrative overhead relative to multi‑deal funds.

Eligibility & Compliance

Most U.S. SPVs rely on private offering exemptions (e.g., Reg D) with investor accreditation and appropriate disclosures.